Immunoassay for the in vitro quantitative determination of luteinizing hormone in

human serum.

Summary

LH (luteinizing hormone), together with FSH (follicle stimulating hormone),

belongs to the gonadotropin family. LH and FSH regulate and stimulate the growth

and function of the gonads (ovaries and testes) synergistically. Like FSH, TSH and

hCG, LH is a glycoprotein consisting of two subunits (α- and β-chains). (1, 2, 3)

This proteohormone, which consists of 121 amino acids and three sugar chains,

has a molecular weight of 29500 daltons. In women, the gonadotropins act within

the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary regulating circuit to control the menstrual cycle.

(4, 5) LH and FSH are released in pulses from the gonadotropic cells of the

anterior pituitary and pass via the bloodstream to the ovaries. Here the

gonadotropins stimulate the growth and maturation of the follicle and hence the

biosynthesis of estrogens and progesterones. The highest LH-concentrations

occur during the mid-cycle peak and induce ovulation and formation of the corpus

luteum, the principal secretion product of which is progesterone. In the Leydig

cells of the testes, LH stimulates the production of testosterona. Determination of

the LH concentration is used in the elucidation of dysfunctions within the

hypothalamus-pituitary-gonads system. The determination of LH in conjunction

with FSH is utilized for the following indications: congenital diseases with

chromosome aberrations (e.g. Turner’s syndrome), polycystic ovaries (PCO),

clarifying the causes of amenorrhea, menopausal syndrome, and suspected

Leydig cell insufficiency. (1, 4, 5)

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Test principle